Pernicious Anaemia Blood Test, from our experts to you.
Dr Sam Rodgers MBBS, MRCGPChief Medical Officer
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What is pernicious anaemia?
Pernicious anaemia is an autoimmune condition that affects the body's ability to absorb vitamin B12 and is the most common cause of vitamin B12 deficiency in the UK. Vitamin B12 supports red blood cells, nerve health, and DNA synthesis. It is found in animal foods and seaweed and is added to many plant-based foods and drinks.
If you (or a family member) have an autoimmune condition like type 1 diabetes or a thyroid condition (Graves' or Hashimoto's disease), you have a higher risk of pernicious anaemia. Pernicious anaemia is treated by having regular injections of vitamin B12. The earlier you get diagnosed and start treatment, the better your chances of managing your condition and controlling symptoms.
What are the symptoms of pernicious anaemia?
Pernicious anaemia can be difficult to diagnose because its symptoms are varied and can be confused with other conditions. If you don't get enough vitamin B12, your body can't manufacture red blood cells properly. This affects your blood's ability to transport oxygen around your body, causing symptoms like tiredness, palpitations, and pale skin. Other symptoms include breathlessness, pins and needles, brain fog, swollen tongue, and mouth ulcers.
What is the Pernicious Anaemia Blood Test?
Our Pernicious Anaemia Blood Test includes a full blood count (to check for misshapen red cells), active vitamin B12 (the B12 that is available for your body), ferritin (to rule out iron deficiency anaemia), and folate (for healthy red blood cells). It includes a test for methylmalonic acid (MMA), which is often raised in early B12 deficiency and intrinsic factor antibodies, which can help confirm whether an autoimmune condition is causing low vitamin B12.
What's included?
How to prepare for your test
Special instructions
Prepare for your Pernicious Anaemia Blood Test by following these instructions. Do not take vitamin B12 for two weeks prior to this test. If your B12 is prescribed ask your doctor whether to stop. You should take this test before you take any medication or vitamin/mineral supplements. Do not take biotin supplements for two days before this test, discuss this with your doctor if it is prescribed. Do not take vitamin B12 for two weeks prior to this test. If your B12 is prescribed ask your doctor whether to stop.