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| Oat cell carcinoma |
another term for small-cell carcinoma |
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| Obesity |
a condition in which there is an excess of body fat; used to describe those who weigh at least 20 percent more than the maximum amount considered normal for their age, sex, and height |
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| Obsessive-compulsive disorder |
a mental disorder in which a person is obsessed with certain thoughts, leading them to repeatedly perform specific acts; for example, constantly washing the hands out of fear of germs and dirt |
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| Obstructive sleep apnoea |
the blockage of the airways during sleep, which causes breathing to stop for very short periods of time, commonly caused by excessive relaxation of muscles at the back of the throat |
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| Occlusion |
the blocking of an opening or passageway in the body |
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| Occult blood |
blood in the faeces that can be detected only by chemical tests |
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| Occupational disease |
a disease that occurs as a result of factors in the workplace |
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| Occupational therapy |
treatment to relearn physical skills lost as a result of an illness or accident |
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| Ocular |
describes something related to the eyes |
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| Oculomotor nerves |
nerves that stimulate movement of the eyeball |
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| Oedema |
abnormal build-up of fluid in the body, which may cause visible swelling |
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| Oesophageal spasm |
irregular contractions of the muscles in the oesophagus, which lead to difficulty swallowing |
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| Oesophageal varices |
swollen veins in the lower oesophagus and possibly the upper part of the stomach; can cause vomiting of blood and passing of black stool |
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| Oesophagus |
a tube-shaped canal in the digestive tract, connecting the throat to the stomach |
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| Oestrogen |
a group of hormones (produced mainly in the ovaries) that are necessary for female sexual development and reproductive functioning |
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| Oestrogen replacement therapy |
treatment with synthetic estrogens drugs to relieve symptoms of menopause and to help protect women against osteoporosis and heart disease |
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| Olfactory nerves |
nerves that play a role in the sense of smell |
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| Oligodendroglioma |
a rare type of cancerous brain tumour that occurs most commonly in the cerebrum |
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| Oligohydramnios |
an unusually small amount of amniotic fluid surrounding the foetus in the uterus, which can lead to complications with the pregnancy |
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| Oligospermia |
a low level of sperm in the semen; one of the main causes of infertility in men |
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